What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a disease where the amount of glucose in the blood, normally controlled by insulin, is not properly regulated. This can be caused by a variety of factors but in Type 1 diabetes, the cause is the body's auto-immune reaction to the cells in the pancreas that produce said insulin. What this means is that the body's defences against illness, such as antibodies, act on these necessarily cells as though they were pathogens (disease causing agents) and eliminate them and their function.
A variety of theories, concerning the cause of this condition, have been developed but the most prevalent is that of a viral infection triggering the auto-immune effect on the beta cells of the pancreas, characteristic of Type 1 Diabetes.Among other possible causes are tumors (both cancerous and benign) or pancreatitis.
Treatment is fairly standard. Most patients take insulin (usually via injection) for the rest of their lives and will continue to do so unless research finds a cure. The main concern for most, therefore, is easing the process of taking insulin as well as the process of checking one's blood sugar, at necessary intervals, to ensure safety. More extreme and uncommon treatment includes pancreas transplants, usually only used when all conventional treatment fails to adequately control the condition.
Despite being a lifelong condition, Type 1 diabetes is easily treated, in most cases, and the most one can do is try to ease the difficulties associated with it as much as possible, enabling them to lead normal lives as long as they do what is suppose to be done.
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